Key Feature

The Stabilized Ferritic Stainless Steel Bar Stock for Weld Fabrication. Aluminum addition prevents martensite formation in welds, providing consistent properties in as-welded condition without post-weld heat treatment.

Specifically designed for welded bar assemblies where 430 would harden excessively in heat-affected zones.

Common Designations

UNS S40500
AISI 405
ASTM A276 (Stainless Steel Bars)
EN 1.4002, X6CrAl13
JIS SUS405
BS 405S17

One of the few ferritic stainless steels specifically engineered for weldability in bar applications.

Chemical Composition (Typical wt.%)

C: ≤ 0.08
Cr: 11.5 - 14.5
Al: 0.10 - 0.30Mn: ≤ 1.00
Si: ≤ 1.00
P: ≤ 0.040
S: ≤ 0.030

Aluminum content is critical for ferrite stabilization and preventing martensite formation in welded bar components.

Mechanical Properties (Annealed)

Tensile Strength: ≥ 415 MPa
Yield Strength: ≥ 205 MPa
Elongation: ≥ 20%
Hardness: ≤ 183 HB
Machinability: 60% of B1112 steel

Moderate strength with good ductility; comparable to 430 in annealed condition.

Weld Zone Properties

HAZ Hardness: Typically ≤ 250 HB
No Martensite FormationConsistent Properties across weldment
No Post-Weld Heat Treatment required

Aluminum promotes ferrite formation, preventing hard, brittle zones in bar welds.

Physical Properties

Density: 7.70 g/cm³
Melting Range: 1480 - 1530 °C
Thermal Expansion: 10.8 × 10⁻⁶/K (20-400°C)
Thermal Conductivity: 25.0 W/m·K (100°C)
Strongly magnetic

Typical ferritic stainless steel properties with lower thermal expansion than austenitic grades.

Available Forms

Rounds: 6mm - 200mm diameter
Squares: 6mm - 100mm
Hexagons: 6mm - 75mm
Flats: Various sizes
Angles: Structural angles
Billets: For forging applications

Available in standard bar forms for fabrication and machining.

Surface Conditions

Hot Rolled: Black, scaled surface
Cold Drawn: Bright, smooth finish
Centerless Ground: Precision ground
Polished: For specific applications
Peeled: Improved surface for machining

Various surface finishes for different application requirements.

Corrosion Resistance

Good resistance to atmospheric corrosion, nitric acid, organic acids, and fresh water. Similar to 410 but inferior to 304. Not suitable for marine or chloride-rich environments.

Adequate for many industrial bar applications; not for severe corrosive conditions.

Machining Characteristics

• Good machinability for ferritic grade
• Better than austenitic grades in some aspects
• Good chip control• Moderate tool wear• Surface finish achievable

Free-machining characteristics better than many austenitic grades.

Welding Characteristics

Good weldability for ferritic grade
Aluminum stabilization maintains properties
No pre-heat required for thin sections
Matching filler metals recommended
Post-weld annealing optional

Better weldability than standard ferritic grades due to aluminum stabilization.

Temperature Limits

Maximum Service: 700°C
Continuous Service: Up to 650°C
Avoid: 475-900°C (embrittlement range)
Not for cryogenic applications

Limited high-temperature capability due to 475°C embrittlement risk.

Key Standards

ASTM A276 405: Stainless Steel Bars
ASTM A479 405: Bars for Pressure Vessels
ASTM A484: General Requirements
EN 10088-3: Stainless Steel Bars
JIS G4303: Stainless Steel Bars
AMS 5507 (Aerospace)

Widely specified in heat exchanger and welded fabrication applications.

Common Applications

• Heat Exchanger Components: Tube sheets, baffles, support rods, headers
• Furnace Parts: Radiant tubes, burner components, structural supports
• Welded Fabrications: Tank reinforcements, structural frames, support brackets
• Power Generation: Boiler parts, feedwater heater components, condenser parts
• Automotive: Exhaust system components, manifolds, brackets
• Food Processing: Welded equipment frames, supports, mild service parts
• Industrial: Ventilation duct supports, fume exhaust frames, structural elements

Specifically selected where welding is extensive and consistent weld zone properties are critical in bar form.