Material Family

Titanium Near-Alpha Alloy (Ti-3Al-2.5V)

An intermediate-strength alloy optimized for formability and elevated temperature stability.

Common Forms

Primarily Seamless Pipe (SMLS). Welded pipe is less common but available for specific applications.

Seamless construction is standard, especially for critical aerospace hydraulic tubing.

Chemical Composition (Typical wt.%)

Ti: Balance
Al: 2.5 - 3.5
V: 2.0 - 3.0
Fe: ≤ 0.25
O: ≤ 0.15
C: ≤ 0.08
N: ≤ 0.03
H: ≤ 0.015

Low alloying content (Al, V) provides solid-solution strengthening without drastically reducing ductility.

Mechanical Properties (Annealed, Room Temp)

Tensile Strength (Rm): 620 - 750 MPa
Yield Strength (Rp0.2): 485 - 600 MPa
Elongation (A): 15 - 20%

Offers ~50% higher yield strength than Grade 2 pipe, with ductility closer to Grade 2 than to Grade 5.

Physical Properties

Density: 4.48 g/cm³
Melting Point: ~1650 °C
Service Temperature: Up to ~425°C (800°F) for long-term service; superior creep resistance to CP grades.

Better strength retention at elevated temperature than Grades 1-4, suitable for hot structures.

Key Corrosion Resistance

• Excellent corrosion resistance, generally matching that of CP Titanium Grades 2 and 12.

• Exceptional resistance to chlorides, seawater, and oxidizing acids.

• Good resistance to crevice corrosion in hot brines.

• Immune to chloride stress corrosion cracking (Cl-SCC).

Corrosion performance is a key strength, nearly identical to the more corrosion-focused Grade 12.

Key Standards (Pipe)

Seamless Pipe: ASTM B861 / ASME SB-861 (Grade 9)
Aerospace Tubing: AMS 4943 (Seamless Tubing, most common spec for aerospace hydraulic tubing)

ASTM B861 is the commercial pipe spec. AMS 4943 is the premier aerospace procurement standard for seamless tubing.

Formability & Weldability

Excellent cold formability and bendability – superior to Ti-6Al-4V. Excellent weldability using GTAW, similar to CP titanium, and maintains good ductility in the weld zone.

Its fabricability is a major advantage over Grade 5, allowing for more complex formed and welded structures.

Common Sizes & Schedules

OD Range: Commonly used as small to medium diameter tubing (e.g., 1/8" to 2" OD for aerospace).
Wall Thickness: Often thin-walled per aircraft hydraulic tube schedules (e.g., .028", .035").
Length: Cut to length, long coils for continuous systems.

Famous for its use as precision seamless hydraulic tubing in aircraft.

Typical Applications

• Aerospace: Aircraft hydraulic tubing, fuel lines, pneumatic systems, ducting, engine rings.
• Marine: Heat exchanger tubing, condenser tubes, boat fittings, underwater housings.
• Chemical Processing: Tubing for chloride services requiring higher strength than Grade 2.
• Sports & Consumer: High-performance bicycle frame tubing, golf club heads, lacrosse sticks.
• Architecture: Structural components requiring strength, lightness, and corrosion resistance.

The premier pipe material for high-performance, cold-formable tubing requiring a strength boost over pure titanium.